Déné Syllabics
a ga da ' oo ts'a (ts'u) n 'u t ba tu (te) na do n dli be l ze ni da z sa ' (i) no k' be m ba r

The first writing system used for writing Dakelh was the Déné Syllabics, created in 1885 by Father Adrien-Gabriel Morice. The syllabics were originally designed for Ojibwe by the Reverend James Evans, who was refused permission to print in them by his missionary society. In 1840, after his transfer to Cree territory, he introduced the syllabics. They came to be widely used for Cree and spread back to Ojibwe.

There are two main derivatives of the Cree/Ojibwe syllabics. One version was adapted for Inuktitut. This is now the dominant writing system for Inuktitut in Canada outside of Labrador. The other was adapted to the Athabaskan languages of the Northwest Territories and Northern Alberta and Sasketchewan, Slave, Dogrib, and Dene Suline (Chipewyan) by Father Emile Petitot. Some people still use syllabics for these languages. The Dakelh syllabics are a further adaptation of the Northwest Territories version. Although they are inspired by the previous versions of syllabics, in detail they are almost completely different, partly because Dakelh has quite a few more sounds than Cree and partly because Father Morice reorganized them.

The Déné Syllabics are part of the Canadian aboriginal syllabics range in the international UNICODE standard. The official description can be downloaded as a PDF file from: http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1400.pdf In the Unicode encoding, the Carrier syllabics are mixed in with other Canadian aboriginal syllabic characters. The names given for them are not necessarily based on their use in Carrier, and even when they are, the names are often misleading. For example, the symbol ᐯ, which represents /hu/ (CLC hoo) in Carrier is called "Canadian syllabics PE" on the basis of its use in other languages. These sources are therefore difficult to use.

Here is a chart of the syllabics labelled in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It is followed by a list in Unicode order, in which the equivalent of each character is shown both in IPA and in the Carrier Linguistic Committee writing system. Each character in the chart is a link to the corresponding line of the Unicode list.

CaʌeiouIsolated
bᗭᗪᗫᗬᗩᗨᗮ
tᗡᗞᗟᗠᗝᗜᐪ
dᑕᑐᑓᑔᑎᑌ 
t'ᗧᗤᗥᗦᗣᗢ 
kᗺᗷᗸᗹᗶᗵᐠ
gᗴᗱᗲᗳᗰᗯᐟ
k'ᘀᗽᗾᗿᗼᗻᘁ
tʃᙠᙝᙞᙟᙜᙛ 
dʒᘛᘗᘘᘙᘖᘔ 
tʃ'ᘡᘞᘟᘠᘝᘜ 
tsᙦᙣᙤᙥᙢᙡ 
dzᙍᙊᙋᙌᙉᙈ 
ts'ᙬᙩᙪᙫᙨᙧ 
nᘇᘄᘅᘆᘃᘂᐣ
mᘍᘊᘋᘌᘉᘈᒼ
ŋ      ᓑ
lᘧᘤᘥᘦᘣᘢᑊ
ɬᘳᘰᘱᘲᘯᘮᒡ
tɬᘹᘶᘷᘸᘵᘴ 
dlᘭᘪᘫᘬᘩᘨ 
tɬ'ᘿᘼᘽᘾᘻᘺ 
sᙓᙐᙑᙒᙏᙎᔆ
s̪      
zᙅᙂᙃᙄᙁᙀᙆ
z̪      ᙇ
ʃᙙᙖᙗᙘᙕᙔᙚ
xᗉᗆᗇᗈᗅᗄᐥ
ɣᗏᗌᗍᗎᗋᗊᐦ
hᐸᐳᐶᐷᐱᐯᑋ
wᗕᗒᗓᗔᗑᗐ 
xʷᗛᗘᗙᗚᗗᗖ 
jᘓᘐᘑᘒᘏᘎ 
noneᐊᐅᐈᐉᐃᐁ 
ʔ      ᐧ

For example, ᗭ is /ba/.

CodepointGlyphUnicode NameCarrier (CLC)Carrier (IPA)
U+1401ᐁCANADIAN SYLLABICS Eoou
U+1403ᐃCANADIAN SYLLABICS Ioo
U+1405ᐅCANADIAN SYLLABICS Ouʌ
U+1408ᐈCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER EEee
U+1409ᐉCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER Iii
U+140AᐊCANADIAN SYLLABICS Aaa
U+141FᐟCANADIAN SYLLABICS FINAL ACUTEgg
U+1420ᐠCANADIAN SYLLABICS FINAL GRAVEkk
U+1423ᐣCANADIAN SYLLABICS FINAL RIGHT HALF RINGnn
U+1425ᐥCANADIAN SYLLABICS FINAL DOUBLE ACUTEkhx
U+1426ᐦCANADIAN SYLLABICS FINAL DOUBLE SHORT VERTICAL STROKESghɣ
U+1427ᐧCANADIAN SYLLABICS FINAL MIDDLE DOT'ʔ
U+142AᐪCANADIAN SYLLABICS FINAL DOWN TACKtt
U+142FᐯCANADIAN SYLLABICS PEhoohu
U+1431ᐱCANADIAN SYLLABICS PIhoho
U+1433ᐳCANADIAN SYLLABICS POhuhʌ
U+1436ᐶCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER HEEhehe
U+1437ᐷCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER HIhihi
U+1438ᐸCANADIAN SYLLABICS PAhaha
U+144AᑊCANADIAN SYLLABICS WEST-CREE Pll
U+144BᑋCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER Hhh
U+144CᑌCANADIAN SYLLABICS TEdoodu
U+144EᑎCANADIAN SYLLABICS TIdodo
U+1450ᑐCANADIAN SYLLABICS TOdʌdʌ
U+1453ᑓCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DEEdede
U+1454ᑔCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DIdidi
U+1455ᑕCANADIAN SYLLABICS TAdada
U+14A1ᒡCANADIAN SYLLABICS Clhɬ
U+14BCᒼCANADIAN SYLLABICS WEST-CREE Mmm
U+14D1ᓑCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER NGngŋ
U+1506ᔆCANADIAN SYLLABICS ATHAPASCAN Sss
U+18F5ᣵCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DENTAL Sss̪
U+15C4ᗄCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GHUghooɣu
U+15C5ᗅCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GHOghoɣo
U+15C6ᗆCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GHEghuɣʌ
U+15C7ᗇCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GHEEgheɣe
U+15C8ᗈCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GHIghiɣi
U+15C9ᗉCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GHAghaɣa
U+15CAᗊCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER RUkhooxu
U+15CBᗋCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER ROkhoxo
U+15CCᗌCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER REkhuxʌ
U+15CDᗍCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER REEkhexe
U+15CEᗎCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER RIkhixi
U+15CFᗏCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER RAkhaxa
U+15D0ᗐCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER WUwoowu
U+15D1ᗑCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER WOwowo
U+15D2ᗒCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER WEwuwʌ
U+15D3ᗓCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER WEEwewe
U+15D4ᗔCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER WIwiwi
U+15D5ᗕCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER WAwawa
U+15D6ᗖCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER HWUwhooxwu
U+15D7ᗗCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER HWOwhoxwo
U+15D8ᗘCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER HWEwhuxwʌ
U+15D9ᗙCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER HWEEwhexwe
U+15DAᗚCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER HWIwhixwi
U+15DBᗛCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER HWAwhaxwa
U+15DCᗜCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER THUtootu
U+15DDᗝCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER THOtoto
U+15DEᗞCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER THEtutʌ
U+15DFᗟCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER THEEtete
U+15E0ᗠCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER THItiti
U+15E1ᗡCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER THAtata
U+15E2ᗢCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTUt'oot'u
U+15E3ᗣCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTOt'ot'o
U+15E4ᗤCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTEt'ut'ʌ
U+15E5ᗥCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTEEt'et'e
U+15E6ᗦCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTIt'it'i
U+15E7ᗧCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTAt'at'a
U+15E8ᗨCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER PUboobu
U+15E9ᗩCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER PObobo
U+15EAᗪCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER PEbubʌ
U+15EBᗫCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER PEEbebe
U+15ECᗬCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER PIbibi
U+15EDᗭCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER PAbaba
U+15EEᗮCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER Pbb
U+15EFᗯCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GUgoogu
U+15F0ᗰCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GOgogo
U+15F1ᗱCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GEgugʌ
U+15F2ᗲCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GEEgege
U+15F3ᗳCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GIgigi
U+15F4ᗴCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER GAgaga
U+15F5ᗵCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KHUkooku
U+15F6ᗶCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KHOkoko
U+15F7ᗷCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KHEkukʌ
U+15F8ᗸCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KHEEkeke
U+15F9ᗹCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KHIkiki
U+15FAᗺCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KHAkaka
U+15FBᗻCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KKUk'ook'u
U+15FCᗼCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KKOk'ok'o
U+15FDᗽCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KKEk'uk'ʌ
U+15FEᗾCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KKEEk'ek'e
U+15FFᗿCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KKIk'ik'i
U+1600ᘀCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KKAk'ak'a
U+1601ᘁCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER KKk'k'
U+1602ᘂCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER NUnoonu
U+1603ᘃCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER NOnono
U+1604ᘄCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER NEnunʌ
U+1605ᘅCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER NEEnene
U+1606ᘆCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER NInini
U+1607ᘇCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER NAnana
U+1608ᘈCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER MUmoomu
U+1609ᘉCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER MOmomo
U+160AᘊCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER MEmumʌ
U+160BᘋCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER MEEmeme
U+160CᘌCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER MImimi
U+160DᘍCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER MAmama
U+160EᘎCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER YUyooju
U+160FᘏCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER YOyojo
U+1610ᘐCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER YEyujʌ
U+1611ᘑCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER YEEyeje
U+1612ᘒCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER YIyiji
U+1613ᘓCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER YAyaja
U+1614ᘔCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JUjooʤu
U+1616ᘖCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JOjoʤo
U+1617ᘗCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JEjuʤʌ
U+1618ᘘCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JEEjeʤe
U+1619ᘙCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JIjiʤi
U+161BᘛCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JAjaʤa
U+161CᘜCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JJUch'ooʧ'u
U+161DᘝCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JJOch'oʧ'o
U+161EᘞCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JJEch'uʧ'ʌ
U+161FᘟCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JJEEch'eʧ'e
U+1620ᘠCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JJIch'iʧ'i
U+1621ᘡCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER JJAch'aʧ'a
U+1622ᘢCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LUloolu
U+1623ᘣCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LOlolo
U+1624ᘤCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LElulʌ
U+1625ᘥCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LEElele
U+1626ᘦCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LIlili
U+1627ᘧCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LAlala
U+1628ᘨCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DLUdloodlu
U+1629ᘩCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DLOdlodlo
U+162AᘪCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DLEdludlʌ
U+162BᘫCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DLEEdledle
U+162CᘬCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DLIdlidli
U+162DᘭCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DLAdladla
U+162EᘮCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LHUlhooɬu
U+162FᘯCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LHOlhoɬo
U+1630ᘰCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LHElhuɬʌ
U+1631ᘱCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LHEElheɬe
U+1632ᘲCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LHIlhiɬi
U+1633ᘳCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER LHAlhaɬa
U+1634ᘴCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLHUtlootlu
U+1635ᘵCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLHOtlotlo
U+1636ᘶCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLHEtlutlʌ
U+1637ᘷCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLHEEtletle
U+1638ᘸCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLHItlitli
U+1639ᘹCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLHAtlatla
U+163AᘺCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLUtl'ootl'u
U+163BᘻCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLOtl'otl'o
U+163CᘼCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLEtl'utl'ʌ
U+163DᘽCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLEEtl'etl'e
U+163EᘾCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLItl'itl'i
U+163FᘿCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TLAtl'atl'a
U+1640ᙀCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER ZUzoozu
U+1641ᙁCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER ZOzozo
U+1642ᙂCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER ZEzuzʌ
U+1643ᙃCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER ZEEzeze
U+1644ᙄCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER ZIzizi
U+1645ᙅCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER ZAzaza
U+1646ᙆCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER Zzz
U+1647ᙇCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER INITIAL Zzz̪
U+1648ᙈCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DZUdzoodzu
U+1649ᙉCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DZOdzodzo
U+164AᙊCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DZEdzudzʌ
U+164BᙋCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DZEEdzedze
U+164CᙌCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DZIdzidzi
U+164DᙍCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER DZAdzadza
U+164EᙎCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SUsoosu
U+164FᙏCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SOsoso
U+1650ᙐCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SEsusʌ
U+1651ᙑCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SEEsese
U+1652ᙒCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SIsisi
U+1653ᙓCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SAsasa
U+1654ᙔCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SHUshooʃu
U+1655ᙕCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SHOshoʃo
U+1656ᙖCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SHEshuʃʌ
U+1657ᙗCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SHEEsheʃe
U+1658ᙘCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SHIshiʃi
U+1659ᙙCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SHAshaʃa
U+165AᙚCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER SHshʃ
U+165BᙛCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TSUchooʧu
U+165CᙜCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TSOchoʧo
U+165DᙝCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TSEchuʧʌ
U+165EᙞCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TSEEcheʧe
U+165FᙟCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TSIchiʧi
U+1660ᙠCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TSAchaʧa
U+1661ᙡCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER CHUtsootsu
U+1662ᙢCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER CHOtsotso
U+1663ᙣCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER CHEtsutsʌ
U+1664ᙤCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER CHEEtsetse
U+1665ᙥCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER CHItsitsi
U+1666ᙦCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER CHAtsatsa
U+1667ᙧCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTSUts'oots'u
U+1668ᙨCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTSOts'ots'o
U+1669ᙩCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTSEts'uts'ʌ
U+166AᙪCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTSEEts'ets'e
U+166BᙫCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTSIts'its'i
U+166CᙬCANADIAN SYLLABICS CARRIER TTSAts'ats'a

In this writing system, the majority of symbols represent a consonant followed by a vowel. The shape of the character determines the consonant; the orientation together with the presence or absence of vertical stroke or dot determines the vowel. Syllable-final consonants are written with separate characters, as are the syllabic nasals and the consonants that can occur at the beginning of an onset cluster. For example, the word njan "here" is written ᐣᘛᐣ. The glottal stop is written with a separate letter even when it is the onset consonant, as in 'a "fog" ᐧᐊ.

The Dakelh syllabics were widely used for several decades. People kept diaries and accounts, wrote each other letters, and left messages in the bush on trees. A few such trees survive. Here is a photograph taken by Craig Hooper of the Ministry of Forests of a tree along the old trail between Nadleh and Cheslatta. It is difficult to interpret because the edges of the blaze have grown in so much and have obscured the Dakelh text.

Cheslatta Trail Tree

Between 1891 and 1894 a newspaper was published in syllabics at Naka'zdli (Fort Saint James) six times a year. Here is the first page of the first issue, dated October 1891.

Syllabic Newspaper Page

One of the longest texts in syllabics by a Dakelh person is seven page submission from Nak'az̲dli to the McKenna-McBride Commission in 1915. Here is the first page. (Unfortunately, it is rather difficult to read.)

McKenna-McBride Commission Submission

There are several dozen gravestones with inscriptions in syllabics. Here is the grave of Agatha John Thomas from the Saik'uz graveyard. Clicking on a character will cause the equivalent in the Carrier Linguistic Committee writing system to appear at the bottom of the page.

The Grave of Agatha John Thomas

The Dakelh portion of the inscription reads

Agada' oots'unk'ut
Ba tenadondli

This means: "Agatha's grave. Pray for her."

Here is the grave of a woman named Belzeni (from French Virginie) from the Nak'azdli graveyard. Clicking on a character will cause the equivalent in the Carrier Linguistic Committee writing system to appear at the bottom of the page.

The Grave of Belzeni

The inscription reads:

Belzeni dazsai
Novembar 9
1918

This means: "Virginia died November 9, 1918."

This gravestone illustrates the way in which Dakelh people introduced devices for representing sounds not native to Dakelh. The system as introduced by Father Morice provided only for sounds native to Dakelh. When Dakelh people borrowed words from English and French, they sometimes kept unfamiliar sounds such as /r/ and /v/. The use of the v-like symbol that represents /k'/ followed by a /b/-series symbol (here /be/) to represent /v/ is one such innovation. The little cross that represents the /r/ of "November" is another of these innovations.

[Note: we have given the text of these inscriptions as it would now be correctly written. In fact, these inscriptions, like most inscriptions on gravestones, contain errors and omissions. For example, in Virginia's gravestone the letter that should represent /i/ is missing the triangle that should surround the dot.This is partly due to spelling conventions that we cannot go into here and partly due to the fact that most of the gravestones were ordered from the Hudson's Bay Company and were carved in Victoria by people who were merely copying an inscription that they did not understand in a writing system with which they were not at all familiar.]

One of the most widely read publications in the syllabics was the Roman Catholic prayerbook. Many people learned to read Dakelh from this book. Here is a page from the 1933 edition. At the top of the page are the fifth through tenth of the Ten Commandments. The Fifth Commandment reads ne-so-lh-ghe-lh ju-ni-h ``do not kill people''.

A Page from the Syllabic Prayerbook

Syllabics are not very widely used anymore, but there has been a resurgence in interest. Until he passed away in 2004 Nak'azdli elder Nick Prince used to teach classes on syllabics from time to time. In many places they are considered appropriate for formal purposes even though only a few people can read them. For example, when a plaque was put up in the Ulkatcho Learning Centre in Anahim Lake in 1993 in honour of the late Chief Jimmy Stillas, the text was written in four languages: Ulkatcho dialect Dakelh, Nuxalk, Chilcotin, and English, with the Dakelh written both in the Carrier Linguistic Committee writing system and in syllabics. Here is a photograph of the plaque just before it was put up.

Plaque in Honour of Jimmy Stillas

A textbook of the syllabics is available: Introduction to the Carrier Syllabics. You can download the pdf here

Several Unicode fonts are available that include the Carrier syllabics as part of the larger Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics set. We recommend the fonts created by LanguageGeek. The font itself is oskidakelh.zip. Here are instructions on how to install fonts.

The converter at http://www.translitteration.com/transliteration/en/carrier/canadian-aboriginal-syllabics/ is incorrect and should not be used. Try this transliterator instead.

LanguageGeek also has available keyboard maps for typing in syllabics. One allows you to type in the Carrier Linguistic Committee system and converts on the fly to dulkw'ahke. The other assigns dulkw'ahke characters to single keys. These keyboards work on Microsoft Windows and Macintosh OS X systems and allow you to type in syllabics in programs such as Microsoft Word and OpenOffice.org Writer.

A simple text editor that allows dulkw'ahke to be entered by typing in the Carrier Linguistic Committee writing system is the Yudit Unicode text editor, downloadable at no cost from http://www.yudit.org/. Yudit runs on UNIX systems, including GNU/Linux, and Microsoft Windows. Further information on using Yudit to write in syllabics is available here..

A detailed explanation of the syllabics aimed at linguists is given in the paper The Carrier Syllabics. To download a copy, go to the download page.


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